Non-Consensual Sexual Experiences of Young People: A Review of the Evidence from Developing Countries

Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, Population Council
Sarah Bott, Independent Consultant

This review synthesises the evidence about non-consensual sexual experiences of young people in developing countries, its magnitude and correlates. Studies tend to be sparse and disparate, and the profile depicted here has had to rely on a few pioneering studies, drawn on selected sub-populations of youth. Findings may not be representative and comparability limited and for obvious reasons, responses in standard surveys are not always reliable. Findings suggest that non-consensual sexual experiences are not unknown and that for considerable minorities, including boys, sexual debut itself was coerced. Leading factors that place young people at risk of non-consensual sexual relations or inhibit them from seeking care, taking action against a perpetrator or withdrawing from a coercive relationship include gender double standards; and a lack of (a) communication and negotiation on sexual matters; (b) a supportive environment; and (c) trusted adults and peers to consult on sexual health matters.